STILWELL ROAD - Lalmuanpuia Punte

STILWELL ROAD

-  Lalmuanpuia Punte

      

Stilwell Road kan tak nain a tirah chuan Ledo Road ti a vuah a ni phawt a, chuvangin Ledo road tiin kan sawi ber zawk ang. He kawng hi Digboi, Assam (Asia rama Oilfield upa ber leh khawvela oilfield upa ber dawttu), bula khaw pakhat Ledo atanga China ram bung khat Yunnan Province khawpui Kunming thleng chhun tu kawng a ni. He kawng hi Khawvel Indopui II-na laia laih a ni a, an laih chhan chu Indopui II-na hunlaia tangrual sorkar (Allies) te’n China-a supply an pekna kawng ber Burma chu Japan in kum 1942 ah a awp tak avangin kawng dang zawn a ngai ta a ni.

 

Kum zabi 19-na tawplam daih tawhah khan British relkawng laitute chuan Assam leh Burma inrina, tuna Tirap – Changlang District, Arunachal Pradesh ni ta a awm, Patkai Range (tlangdunga) a Pangsau Pass velah hian survey neiin helaiah hian relkawng chu Burma hmar lama lutin Hukawng Valley thlengin relkawng a sial theihin an hria a, rawtna an siam bawk a. He rawtna hi hnawl a ni a, mahse, British sorkar chuan Burma hmar lam kalpawh nana motor kawng sialna atan erawh he Patkai Range hi a it hle a. Tichuan British engineer te chuan motor kawng tur atan mel 8 chin chu an han survey tan ta a, chutihlai mek chuan Burma chu Japanin la (hneh) in, Burma atangin British nawr chhuah a nih tak lehzel avangin he kawng laih hi America sorkar chuan mutmawh hnarmawh takah a nei zui ta nghal a. Japan-in Rangoon a lak hnu, he Ledo Road hi an peih hma kha chuan tangrual (Allies) hoin China rama an sipaite supply pekna kawng ber Burma chu Japan-in an dang ta tlat si a. Chuvangin India atangin thlawhna in Himalaya tlang khawchhak hmawrtawp lam, the Hump an tih mai tlangdung sang tak tak thlawh khuma supply pek a ngaih tak avangin America tan chuan he kawngpui laih hi vei bera neih loh theih pawh a ni lo.

 

December ni 1, 1942 chuan British General, Sir Archibald Wavell, Supreme Commander of the Far Eastern Theatre chuan American General Stilwell a hnenah chuan American NCAC operation atan Ledo Road laih chu a remtih sak a. He kawngpui hi China supply na tur atana General Stilwell-a enkawlna hnuaia laih tur tih a ni. He kawngpui hi Ledo (Assam, Digboi bul lawk) railhead atangin Burma Road, Mong-Yu road junction-ah a han pawh dawn a ni. Heta tang hian Burma road zawh zelin China ram hmawrtawng a Wanting khua kaltlangin supply chu Kunming-ah an han pe thei dawn a ni. General Stilwell-a leh a staff hote chuan he kawngah hian thlatin supply ton 65,000 an pe thei tura chhutin thawhnaa the Hump tlangdung thlawhkhuma China a ration/supply han thiar ai chuan manhla zawk hle dawnin an chhut a, an phur em em laiin American General Claire Lee Chennault, USAAF Fourteenth Air Force Commander ve thung chuan helai ramhnuai tlang chhengchhe lutuk kara kawng sial chawp lehnghalah chuan thlawhna in supply a thiar theih zat supply an thiar theih chu a ring lo hle.

 

General Stilwell-a chuan he kawnglaih hna mawhphurtu tak tak tur atan ‘Supply of Service’ (SOS) a din a, Commander atan Major General Raymond A. Wheeler chu ruatin chu kawnglaih hna enkawltu ber tur atan chuan a ruat a. Major General Wheeler a chuan kawnglaih hna Commander atan Colonel John C. Arrowsmith-a chu a ruat leh chhawng a, a hnu lawkah Colonel Lewis A. Pick, expert U.S Army Engineer-in a thlak leh a ni.

 

1942 December thla atang chuan hna an han tan ta a, tlangpang awih tak tak te, luiruam thuk leh zim tak takah lei laiin Patkai Range chu Pangsau Pass kaltlangin an han tantlang ta a. A hmunhma chhengchhe lutuk a, malaria a tam a, santen hri an vei nasa bawk si, hrehawm an ti lutuk a, Pangsau pass pawh chu HELL PASS an tih phah hial a ni. Shingbwiyang thleng Km 166 chu harsa takin khawl tel lovin an han lai phawt a, Bulldozer lo thleng hmasa ber chu Shingbwiyang-ah 1943 December ni 27 ah a lo thleng chauh a ni. An tang bawk a, Shingbwiyang hi an beisei aia ni thuma hmain an lai thleng hman a ni.

 

He kawng tawite mai siam lek pawh hian Burma hmar lam vengtu Kamaing, Mongoung leh Myitkyinya khawpui chhehvela inkulh Japan sipai 18th Division nena inbei mek tangrual sipaite tan mamawh (supply) tamtak thawnluhna remchang a rawn hawng nghal a. Burma pumpui deuhthaw Japan-in an control avangin Ledo kawngin Shingbwiyang a pawh hma chuan tangrual pawl sipaite hian Patkai Range kaltlang lo hi supply dawn theihna kawng dang a awm loh avangin hetah hian an innghat hlawm tawp mai a ni. He kawngpui Shingbwiyang thleng an han lai a, tangrual sipai an han tawlh luh theih atang chiah hian Japan sipai te pawh chu an nawr tawlh/tawm thei tan ta reng a. Japan sipai chhimlama an hnungtawlh tak hnu chuan Shingbwiyang atang hian Japanese kawng lo sial tawh ruhrel ring chung zelin kawng chu an sial zawm ta zel a. Kawng an laih zawh chin chinah chuan 4 inch a lian pipe kawngsir tuakah an zam nghal zel bawk a, motor leh khawl mamawh oil chu motor-a phurh ngai lovin hemi pipe-ah hian an pump nghal zel thei dawn a ni.

 

Shingbwiyang atang chuan a dang laih zawm nghal ta zel a, Warazup, Myitkyinia leh Bhamo thleng Ledo atanga 600 km an lai thleng leh ta mai a. Hetah hian Burma road hlui peng a han pawh a, chu kawng hlui chu siam that mek lai ni mahse a kal theih tawk tawk a. Tichuan Burma Road pangngai pawh turin chu kawng peng chuan Ledo atanga 707 km a hla Namkham kaltlang zelin Mong-Yu ah Burma Road junction chu a han fin a, Mong-Yu hi Ledo tangin 748 km a ni. Mong-Yu thleng tur hian luipui lian tak tak 10 leh lui neuh neuh dang 155 a paltlang a, chawhruala km 4.5 zela lei 1 zel dawh ang an ni.

 

He Burma Road junction (kawng peng) atang hian dinglama kal chuan chhim zawngin Japan awp area, 160 km a hlaah Lashio khua a pawh a, veilama kal chuan hmarlam zawngin Burma-China border 100 km a hla, Wanting khua a pawh ve thung. He kawng laih hi a hautak em em avangin kum 1944 ah pawh China ram an la thleng zo lo. Hetih lai hian thlawhna thar tha a lo chhuah zel avangin thlawhnaa the Hump tlang thlawhkhuma supply thiar hna chu an lo thawk nasa hman viau thung a.

 

Myitkyina piah lam Hukawng valley-a an laih tawh hnu kawngte pawh monsoon (fur) ruah avangin thawm that (repair) a lo ngai ve leh zel bawk mahse General Stilwell-a’n he kawnglaih hna a mawhphurtna a lak atanga kum hnihna, kum 1944 tawpah chuan Burma Road chu an han pawh thei hram a. Burma Road kawng awmsa ring in Ledo (Assam-India) atanga Kunming (Yunnan-China) chu kawngpuiin a thlunzawm ta ruah mai a ni.

 

Kum 1945 January ni 12 ah he Ledo Road-a convoy hmasa ber tur chu General Pick-a kaihhruaiin Ledo atangin motor 113 an chhuak a, kalkawnga ni 24 an thang hnuin February ni 4, 1945-ah China rambung khat Yunnan Province khawpui Kunming, Ledo atanga 1736 km a hla chu an lut ta a ni. He kawngpui hi hawn anih atanga thla 6 chhungin truck 26,000 hmangin supply 129,000 tons an phur thleng a ni.

 

General Chennault, USAAF Fourteenth Air Force Commander rin lawk ang ngei chuan he kawng laih tirh atanga chhuta kawng an laih zawha an supply an thiar tawp thlenga he kawnga supply an thiar chhoh zat chuan thawlhna a the Hump tlang thlawh khuma supply an thiar chhoh chu a zat/pha lo ta reng a ni. Thlawhna a an supply thiar chhoh zat chu 650,000 tons a tling hman daih a, a vaia he kawngpuia supply an thiar luh chu 147,000 tons a ni. Supply an thiar tawp ber thla, July thla chhungin thlawhna chuan 71,000 tons an thiar hman a, he kawngpuiah hi chuan hemi thla vek hian 6,000 tons chauh an thiar hman.

 

Japan lak atanga Burma an chhanchhuah hnuah he kawng hian ngaihsak a hlawh ta lo reng reng a, he road zawhtu hnuhnung ber record chu kum 1955-ah Oxfrod-Cambridge Overland expedition team te an ni a, anni pawh hian he kawng hi an zawh tluan lo, Ledo atanga kalin Myitkyina pelin China thleng loin he kawngah hian an zin a ni. Kum tam tak chu helai vela hel pawl te avangin khar a ni. Tim Slessor-a chuan he expedition lai hian Pangsau Pass leh Shingbwiyang inkara leihlawn te chu an chhe deuh vek tawh niin a sawi.

 

He kawngpui hi a kikawi nasa ngiang bawk a, tum khat chu fur laiin a chung zawna an thlawh laiin Mountbatten-a chuan a bula mi hnenah, “Kan hnuaia mi khu eng lui nge?” a ti a, a bula mi chuan, “Lui a ni lo. Ledo Road a nih khu” tiin a chhang a ni.

 

He kawngpui hi kum 1945 bullamah khan China hotupa, Generalissimo, Marshal Chiang Kai-Shek a rawtna angin he kawnglaihna mawhphurtu ber US Army General Joseph Warren Stilwell (1883-1946), Chief of Staff to Allied Forces in China-Burma-India theatre hming chawiin STILWELL ROAD tiin an lo vuah ta a ni. General Stilwell-a hi Indopui I-na ah pawh a lo che hrep tawh a, Indopui I-na zawh hnu khan Philippines leh China-ah te a awm avangin Chinese tawng pawh a thiam hle a, chuvangin Indopui II-na ah khan helaiah hian Generalissimo, Marshal Chiang Kai-Shek, Supreme Command of the United Nations in China hnuaiah hian Chief of Staff to Allied Forces in an dah a ni. Vinegar Joe ti a hriat lar thin a ni.

 

He kawngpui hian Arunachal leh Burma inrina bul Burma ram chin chiah, ramri bul seta awm, dil pakhat Rih dil aia lian, Loktak dil aia te si, kam bul hnai takah a paltlang a. He kawng hi sawi tawh angin Indona atan liau liaua laih a nih ang ngeiin Japan sipai leh Tangrual lam sipai division khat ve ve kawngah hian indo tura an kal kal chu he dil bul vel an thlen hian hnu chhui tur hnuhma engmah awm miah lovin a Division pum ve ve mai chu an bo hmiah mai a, chuvangin he dil hi LAKE OF NO RETURN an tih phah ta a ni.

 

He kawngpui, Stilwell Road hi North East Students’Organisation (NESO) chuan India Look East Policy hnuaia trade route atan hawng turin Central sorkarah a demand mek a, mahse India sorkar chuan he kawng hi hawn anih chuan keini North East ho hi kan unau Chinese ho nen kan inpawh lutuk a hlau a, tin, he kawng hi North East-a hel pawl hovin an hman tangkai lutuk a hlauh bawk avangin NESO nawrna chu a phurpui tehchiam lo.

 

 

 

ZO TUNGCHAW