Thawnthu pahnih kan rawn khaikhina kan luhchilh turte hi Mizo thawnthu tawi hmasa ber, Biakliana ziah, “Lali” leh a dawttu, Kaphleia ziah, “Chhingpuii” te an ni. Thawnthu tawi ziaktu pahnih an nihna piah lamah anni pahnih hi Zofate thu leh hla khawvela mi inkawp tlat, pakhat sawi tawh chuan pakhat zawk sawi tel ve ngai fo an ni a. Thim leh eng, ding leh vei ang maia thil inang lo, mahse inkawp tlat thung an ni si. Zoram pawna lehkha zir hmasa pawl, ram tana rilru leh ngaihtuahna seng nasa dun tak niin, an dam loh hnuin, an natna pawh inang lehzelin, kum naupang dun taka he lei chhuahsantute pahnih rilruah hian Mizo society-a hmeichhe dinhmun hian hmun thuk tak a chang a tih theih awm e.
1. Tute Nge An Nih?
Biakliana hi Pastor lar Liangkhaia fapa niin, kum 1918, August ni 26 khan Aizawl Mission Vengah a piang a. A nu chu Sailo lal Dorawta fanu Ngurchhawni a ni. “A nu leh pa hi kum 1916-ah inneiin, an fa hming koh a ni. Biakliana hi a naupan lai a\anga naupang danglam, thil chik mi, thil hria leh chhinchhiah thei, taima leh rinawm tak a ni” (Khiangte8).
Kum nga mi lek a nih laiin a nu’n a thihsan a. Kum 1928-ah lower primary examination a zo a. Kum 1931-ah Middle English a zo leh a, Silchar-ah High school zawm lehin a hnu rei lo teah Shillong lamah a insuan ta zawk a ni. Kum 1936-ah Calcutta University hnuaiah Matriculation Examination bei lehin, a thiam ber pawl niin, firts division-ah a pass. A exam ve tawh chinah chuan First Division-ah a pass zel a ni. Gauhati lamah College zirzawmin, hetah hian ‘Ngawr (TB)’ natnain a man ta a. Vairam damdawi inah te chuan an han inentir kual zar zar a. Mahse, Ngawr natna kha a hunlai chuan tihdam theih loh natna a ni si. Beidawngin Mizoram lamah an rawn haw ta. Durtlang damdawi in bulah, in t> sak sakin amah ang bawka natna vei ve Kaphleia nen chuan an awm dun ta. A lei hun bite chu hun lo takah,kum 1941, October ni 17-ah khan a lo chhiar zo ve ta a ni.
Kaphleia hi kum 1910, January ni 10-ah a piang a. A pa chu Chhingvunga niin a nu chu Chuailovi a ni. “Tun hma deuh chuan Hauhuktar khuaah an awm a. Sialsukah an chhungin an pem a, a pa chu ‘dak la’ (Mail runner)-ah a \an avangin |hiak khuaah an insawn a. Heta \ang hian a pa hna avang bawkin kum 1927 vel khan Tachhipah an lut leh ta a ni” (Lalthangliana 3).
Kaphleia hian Sialsukah pawl thum thleng a zir a. Aizawlah Middle School a kai leh a, Govt. High School Shillong-ah kal lehin, kum 1935-ah khan Matric a pass. Kum 1935, July ni 19-ah Scottish Church College, Calcutta-ah zir zawm lehin, a natna avangin a zirchhuak thei ta lo a ni. Kaphleia hi mi invawng uluk mi leh thil chhinchhiah peih em em mai, diary pawh \ha taka vawng \hin mi a ni. Biakliana ang bawkin ‘ngawr’ natnain a zirna hmunah chuan a man ve a, Aizawl lamah rawn hawin Durtlang damdawi in kianga an tana an sak ‘Inte Thawveng’-ah chuan awmin, a hun tawp lam chu hmangin, an khua Tachhipah a hun tawp a hmang ve ta ni.
2. Thawnthu Chu
Kan khaikhin tur pahnihte thawnthu tlangpui han tarlang hmasa ila. Kum 1937-a Biakliana’n “Lali” thawnthu tawi a ziah chu Mizo thawnthu tawi hmasa ber a lo ni a. He thawnthua a ziaktuin a phum leh pholan chu Mizote khawtlang nuna hmeichhe dinhmun a ni a. Nula leh tlangval inngaihzawnna inkara hmeichhe rinawmna pawh kan hmu. “Chhungkaw nun sawprawp tak karah Pathian rinna tak takin rah \ha a chhuah dan lantirna thawnthu \ha tak a ni” (Khiangte 26). “Lali” thawnthu hi Mizoten Kristian sakhua kan vawn hnu huna innghat a ni.
Mizo thawnthu tawi pahnihna, “Chhingpuii” hi Kaphleia’n kum 1938-1939 chhunga a ziah a ni a. He thawnthu hi hun kal tawh, a tak ngeia thil thleng behchhana a phuah a ni a. Kristian sakhua kan vawn hma hun laia innghat thawnthu tawi a ni. He thawnthuah hian nula leh tlangval inkara inhmangaihna ropui >m >m kan hmu a. Chutih rualin hmeichhe rinawmna kan hmu tel bawk a, hmangaihnain engkim a huamzia pawh kan hmu tel a ni. A thawnthu laimu ber ni a lang chu,
“A ni, mihring zingah hian vanneih lai leh hausak laia ‘ka u, ka nau’ titute hian vanduaina leh retheihna a lo thlenin kan intlansan \hin. . . . Mi hlimna leh lawmna chanpui duh sia, an lungngaihna leh manganna chanpui duh lo chu \hian sual, hmelma hriatsa aia hlauhawm zawk an ni” (Lalthangliana 34).
He thawnthu tawi pahnih hming atana hian hmeichhe hming ve ve hman a ni. He thawnthu-ah hian heng hmeichhe pahnihte hi a changtunu ve ve niin, an dinhmun leh chanpual pawh a langsarin a lian dun ve ve hle. An thawnthu kal hmang inan dan leh inan loh dan te kan luhchilh chhoh zel ang.
3. Sakhaw Hlui leh Sakhaw Thara Hmeichhiate Dinhmun
“Lali” thawnthu hi a hmaa kan sawi tawh angin, sakhaw thar kan vawn hnua innghat a ni a. Mahse, sakhaw hlui leh thar kan vawn hnu pawhin hmeichhe dinhmun chu a danglam vak lem lo tih “Chhingpuii” thawnthu a\angin kan hmu thei a.
A hmasa berah chuan, hmeichhiate kha in lam leh ram lamah an buaiin, âwllen lai pawn hunawl an nei ve thei ngai meuh loa, an mahni duh leh nuam tih zawng tih nan hun an nei meuh lo a ni. Lali chuan awllen lai pawha an buai dan chu ti hian a sawi a nih kha. “. . . awllen laite hi kan \ul zual lai a la ni ta deuh deuh mai \hin si a” (83). Sakhaw thar khan kawng tamtakah Mizo nunphung a her danglam laiin hmeichhe dinhmun erawh a tidanglam tlem hle.
Mizo chhungkua kha mipa lalna a ni a, kawng engkimah mipain thu an nei \hin a, thu tawp siamtu an ni \hin. Chutiang a nih avang chuan hmeichhe thu leh hla hi thu tlingah an ngâi ngai lo a. Pasal chungchangah pawh an duhthlanna chu pawimawh berah an nu leh pate’n an ngaihsak ngai lo.
Lali pa kha zu in \hin, mi piangthar lo a ni a. Lali khan amah ngaizawnga duh >m >mtu a neia, a hming chu Biakmawia a ni. An in\hian \hatna a lansarh zawk avangin, an lo induhzia chu harsatna an tawh khan a rawn lang chhuak ta chauh nghe nghe. Mahse, Lali pa khan a duh lo a, a aia mi \ha leh hausa zawk a duh tlat a. Chhiat an tawh avang leh a pianthar tak hnuah erawh a ngaihdan kha a inthlak ta hlauh zawk a. Khang an thil tawn a\ang khan Biakmawia hlutna kha a hriat phah avangin, Lali pasal tur atan pawh khan a pawm thei ta a ni.
“Chhingpuii” thawnthuah chuan Chhingpuii khan Kaptluanga kha duh ru ve >m >m mah se mi dangte hriat khawpa a duhna a tihlan kha a rem lo. Kristian sakhua an hriat hma a ni bawk nen, kawng engkimah an puithuin, hlauh a pui pawh an ngah >m >m a. Kaptluanga, Chhingpuii’n a duhna kha langsar deuhin hmuh theih ni ta se, anmahni thiktute chuan an dâwi mai ang tih te kha thil hlauhawm leh awm thei a ni. Kristian an nih hma hian dâwi lam thil an la hmang a ni tih a lanna chu, “Nakinah chuan amah itsiktute chuan an d^wi ta a, a muthilh hlanin samkhuih an lemtir a. Chuta chin chu a \ha thei ta lo a, a khuh a khuh a”(79). Kaptluanga kha tlangval \halai nisi, an dawi avangin tarchhia ang maiin a lo chak lo ta ani.
Mizo vantlang nunah, ti ila hringnun khawvelah hian, mi hausate hi ngaihsan leh mi chung en an ni \hin a. Tin, mi hausa leh awm theite paw’n an nihna hmachhuana mi dangte rah beh an ching \hin. Lali palai hmuh pawh kha a tirtu chu an khuaa mi hausa leh awm thei Rozikate an ni a. Chutih rualin Chhingpuii, an hausakna leh mi \hatna hmanga ngaizawnga, a neih theih dawn loh hlauh pawha zen hmingchhiat tumtu chu an khaw lal upa fa Lalnawta a ni.
Hmeichhe pahnihte hian an rilru leh thinlungin duh lo ve ve mahse, an dinhmun erawh eng emaw chen chu hreawm takin he mite vang hian an awm a ni. An pate’n tilui ta tlat se chuan duh lo eltiang mahse pasala nei thei ve ve dinhmuna ding an ni.
4. Hmeichhe Rinawmna leh Dawhtheihna
Lali leh Chhingpuii te dinhmun hi tunlai khawvel a\angin zuk thlir ta ila. Hmangaihna aia rosum thlang \hin hmeichhe tam tak chuan an mahni lo duh >m >mtu, an khaw mi hausafate kha an nei duh ngeiin a rinawm. Mahse anni chuan hmangaihna dah hmasa zawkin hausakna chu an duh ber a ni lo tih an thawnthu a\angin chiang takin kan hmu a.
Lali’n, Rozika palai a hmuh khan, a hmain palai hmel dang a hmuh te kha lo hnial fo tawh \hin mahse, kum sawm hnih pakhat mi a nih tawh avangin atan hnial lehna tur a vang tawh riau a. Sum thu avangin lo hnial fo mahse tun \uma palai a hmuhnate chu an khaw mi awmthei chhungkua an ni si. A chhuanlam hman \hin pawh hman a rem dawn tawh lo. Ka duh lo han tih tawp bak, chhuanlam a vâng tawh hle. A duh loh chhan >m >m pawh, zu in mi, sakhaw ngaihsak lo a nihna chu thuhran, a ruka a lungtlukna mi dang a neih ve vang pakhat a ni. An han thlema, “Neih nuam tak a ni ang, fapa mal a ni lehnghal si a; an hausakna te saw i ta vek tur maw le” tia an thlem paw’n, “. . . ka nei hlei lo’ng e, i duh leh nangman nei roh la ti nia” tiin a duh lohzia a sawi a ni (95-96).
Chhingpuii’n a thinlunga a hmangaih chu Kaptluanga a ni. Chutih laiin a hausakna leh mi \hatna hmanga amah beiseitu Lalnawta a awm ve mek a. Kaptluangate sai ramchhuah hlanin theihtawpin Lalnawta khan Chhingpuii kha lo thlem thluk tumin \an a khawh a. “A chang leh Kaptluanga chuan nula dang a nei ti tein a sawi a”(75). Mahse, Chhingpuii khan “. . . a chhang lem hlei lo va, \awngkam \ha takin, kei mi biak a \ul lo ve, ka nu leh pa be zawk rawh” a ti tlat a. Kaptluanga tana a rinawmna chu chuti maia tihchhiatsak theih a ni lo tih a lang chiang hle.
Tin, Kaptluanga a itsiktute’n an dâwi tak hnu, pawn pawh chhuak thei lo a, in chhunga a taptawm tak hnu te hlei hlei khan Chhingpuii rinawmna leh dawhtheihna chu a lo lang chiang ta tulh tulh a. Mizo nula tlangval inrim dan pelin, hmeichhia zawk chuan a rukin a va tlawh fo a. A sam te a va khuihsak \hin a ni.
‘Kaptluanga ramtuileilova a kulcho tak achin chu tlangval tumahin Chhingpuii chu feh kawngah an chhawm thei lo va. Kaptluanga thin a na ang tih a hlauh avangin’(83).
Ralin an thaha, a lu an lak hma zawng khan Chhingpuii kha tlangval dang tumah a kawm duh lo va, lawm pawh a nei duh hek lo, khawhar takin a <-te lawm zingah a feh ve \hin a ni. A thih thlengin Kaptluanga tan rinawm leh dawhthei takin, Kaptluanga rilru natna turin a khawsa miah lo khan, a dawhtheihna leh a rinawmna a pholang chiang hle.
5. Mizo Culture, Tradition,leh Sakhaw Kawngkal Lo Langte
Kum 1937-ah “Lali” ziah a nih lai khan, Mizote hi mahni tawkah kan la intodelh ngei a rinawm a. Pawisa a vânga, an pawisa hmanna ber pawh awlsam taka an siam chhuah ve theih loh lei nan a ni. Hmeichhiate khan an hak tur leh silh tur tam zawk chu an puanbu a\angin an tahchhuak \hin. “Lali” thawnthu in\annaah pawh a nute nena puan an banglai chu kan hmuh hmasak a ni. Hmeichheho khan puan an tah thiam fur ngei ang. Tunlai khawvelah chuan hmeichhe tam zawkin puanbu pawh inneih thuamchhawmah an chhawm ta meuh lo. Khawl puantah chu an bih nasat ber a ni ta. Hmeichhiaten an intodelh nana an tih \hin puanbu hmanga puantah kha a bo ta tial tial a ni.
“Chhingpuii” thawnthu in\annaah pawh, puan tur a puah lai, hm<i hmanga la a kai lai chu kan hmuh hmasak a ni. Chhun lama ram hna an thawh zawhah, zan lamah an silh leh fen tur puan han siam kha hmanlaia an tih makmawh a ni tih a lang chiang hle. An la kaihna bulah emaw an puantahna bulah emaw khan a rimtu tlangval te kha an lo tawlh ve \hin a. Chhun lama an inkawmna hun ber pawh a ni \hin.
Sakhaw hlui sakhaw tharin a rawn thlak achinah kan rilru leh ngaihtuahnaa kan ngaihdan kan thlak tak tawp chu ‘zu’ chungchanga kan ngaihdan hi a ni. Lali thawnthu-ah chuan zu chu ‘sual’ lian tak a lo ni ta. Chhungkua a tihhreawm dan pawh kan hmu ta a. Lali pa chu zungawl vei a ni a. Zu a rawn ruih haw tawh chuan chhungte tana tawrhhlelhawm tak a ni. Zu ruih tawha, nupui fanaute kutthlak ching leh timangangtu a ni.
Lali nu hnenah chuan rui \awng tih hriat reng hian, “Zovi chaw ei min va siam thuai rawh u, ka ril a \am a nia” a han ti chhar chhar a. Lali nu chuan, “Aw, lo nghak lawk rawh, ka puan khai a laklawh e” a han ti a(82).
Mahse a puan khaiah chuan themtleng a rawlh \helh khanglang lehnghal a. Chutia minit khat pawh tling lo mah ni se, a thu awih lo anga an han lan takah chuan a thin a ur em em a, thingfaka la lawk a, a nupui hlau taka lo kal chu a vaw ta zawt zawt a (82).
A chunga a thawnthu chhung thu kan hmuh a\ang khian zuin chhungkua a tihbuai dan leh tharum thawhna a tihhluarzia chu a lang chiang viau. Khitiang khi zu in mite awm dan a nih takah chuan a \ha lam zawnga zu ngaihdan chu a awm thei meuh dawn tawh lo tih a lang a ni.
“Chhingpuii” thawnthuah erawh chuan zu kha inkawm hlim nan an hmang nasa tih kan hmu thung a. Zu rui sual deuhte an awm ve \hin ngei ang. Mahse, mi dangte harsatna siam zawngin an khawsa ngai lem lo niin a lang. Kaptluanga kha pasal\ha sa kap thei, an lal pawhin “ka sabel” a tih kha ni a. A sa kah theih avanga itsiktute’n an dâwi ta reng pawh a nih kha. An lo kulcho tak hnu khan,
An lal chuan, “Ka sabel a keh ta a nih hi le,” a ti a, pawi a ti >m >m mai a. Zu leh sa a ei theih awm chu ‘Lo ei ve teh se’ a ti a, a pe zel \hin a. An in ni danga zu leh sa tlan dur durna \hin kha a lo reh zo ta a. (CTBEB 91).
A thawnthu chhung kan tar lan a\ang khian zu chu sualah an ngai loa, inkawm hlim nan an hmang \hin a ni tih a lang chiang a. Tin, zungawl vei khawpin, mi’n zu an in ngai lem lo tih pawh a hriat awm e. Chutiang a nih avang chuan sakhaw hlui leh sakhaw thara zu kan ngaihdan chu a lo inpersan ta hle a, a bulthûm chu a hmangtute’n an hman thiam loh pakhat vang ti pawhin a sawi theih awm e.
Thihna chungchanga an rindan pawh sakhaw hlui leh tharah chuan a lo inthlak ta hlawk a. Lalite unau zinga naupang ber Zuala chu a damlo va, khum a\ang chuan, “Kapa, thi ila engtin nge ka awm ang le?” a han ti a (104). Zawhna dang zawt lehin, “Ka pa, thi ila, vanah ka kal ang em le?” (104) a han ti leh a. Kristiante rinnaah chuan, mi a dam laia Pathian thu a awiha, Isua Krista chu Lal leh Chhandamtua a pawm chuan a thih hnu pawhin a thlarau chu vanrama kal tura ngaih a ni. Zuala zawhna chu a pa’n chhan harsa a tih avangin Mawia chuan a rawn chhansak a. “Kal > a, Zuala, vanah chuan kan kal dawn alâwm. Hman nia kan thuvawn kha i la hre reng lawm ni? ‘Pathianin khawvel a hmangaih >m >m a’ tih kha,” tiin(104). He lai thua Zuala, a pa leh Mawia te inbiakna a\ang hian Kristian sakhaw rindan chu a lang chiang hle.
Sakhaw hluiah kha chuan mi’n a dam laia a thil tih a zirin an thih hnua mitthi khua leh pialral kal tur ngaihdan kha an rinna a ni. Kaptluanga kha pasal\ha, sa kap thei em em, a sa kah theih avanga mi te itsik a ni tih kan hmu a. An itsik avanga an dawi hnu khan, Chhingpuii kha ralin thahsakin a lu an laksak a. Chhingpuii chhan thei dinhmuna a ding ta lo leh pasal\ha, engmah ti thei tawh lova a awm kha a rilru a nain a hrehawm thei >m >m a. Dam reng kha nuam a ti ta lo, a hmangaih berin a kalsan ta bawk si.
“Lawmna ni te chu lungngaihna chhumin a hliah zo ta a. Englai mahin ni lum khamkhawp aitur a nei zo ta lo, chutianga nun ai chuan khawvel pathumna Pialralah a hmangaih Chhingpuii tawh leh chu a duh ta zawk a (CTBEB 100).
Tichuan, thih hnu piah lam rama a hmangaih em em tawng tur chuan Kaptluanga chu a inkap hlum ta a. Kaptluanga, pasal\ha chuan pialralah faisa ringin, nuam takin khawvela amah kalsantu chu tawng leh turin khawvel a chhuahsan ta a ni.
6. Tlangkawmna
Sawi belh tur tam tak la awm mahse, a tlang kan kawm tawh mai ang a. Thawnthu tawi hmasa pahnih, an kalhmang inanna leh inan lohna tlangpui kan khaikhin a. Thawnthu hmasa zawk hi hlimna lama thawnthu tawp chi (comedy) a nih laiin a hnuhnung zawk hi lungngaihnaa tawp chi (tragedy) a nih ve leh thung a. Thawnthu ingnghahna hun (time settings) chungchangah hian thawnthu hnuhnung zawk innghahna hi thawnthu hmasa zawk innghahna hun aiin a hmasa zawk thung a. Thawnthu hmasa zawk hi ‘Kristian Short Stories’ a tih theih a. Chutih laiin a hnuhnung zawk hi hun kal tawha thil thleng behchhana ziah a nih vangin ‘Historical Short Stories’ a tih ve theih thung ang.
An hunlai ve vea nula leh tlangval nunphung pawh chiang takin kan hmu thei a. An khawsak dan phung tam tak kan hmu bawk. Tunlai khawvela a hmei a pa kan inlen, inrim tawn luai luai tawh laiin, hmanah kha chuan hmeichhiate kha mipa, an ngaihzawngte inah an leng ngai lo tih a chiang a. An kal a nih chuan chu chu Mizote tih dan phung pel, tlangrel leh zah huama tih ngai a ni.
Kristianna a lo luh hnuin, Pathian thu awih duh lo la awm nual mahse, mi tam zawk chuan Pathian an ring a. An inkaihhruai dan pawh biak ina Pathian thu zir a ni tih “Lali” thawnthu a\angin kan hmu bawk. Thawnthu tawi pahinhte hi a tlangpui zawr zawr kan khaikhina, heia chipchiar leh sin zawk pawhin a khaikhin theih ang. Kan khaikhinna thuhlawm hrang hrnag a\ang hian kan thawnthu hmasa pahinhte nihna hi awlsam tein a hriatfiah mai theih awm e. Tin, Mizo nunhlui leh tunlai nun inan loh dan pawh thawnthu tawi pahnih khaikhinna a\ang hian awlsam tein kan hre thei ang.
A tawp berah chuan an thawnthu innghahna hun lai hi inhlat viau mah se, an thawnthu kalhmang hian inanna eng emaw chen a nei a. A langsar berah chuan ‘Nula leh tlangval kara ingaihzawnna, hmangaihna rinawm’ kan ti thei ang. Tin, a ziaktu pahnihte, an hun tawp lama in khata hun hmang dun tam an ni a, thu leh hlain an inchawm tawn dun \hin tih pawh an thawnthu a \ang hian kan hmu thei awm ang.
Works Cited
Ainawn Bu Thar.College Text Book(Mizo) Editorial Board(CTBEB), 2016.
Khiangte, Laltluangliana, editor. Biakliana Robawm. L.T.L Publications, 1996.
Lalthangliana, B. Kaphleia Leh C.|huamluaia Hnuhma. The RTM Press, 1991.
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